KARAKTERISASI FISIKOKIMIA NANOKRISTAL EKSTRAK HERBA SELEDRI ( Apium graveolens L.) DENGAN PERBEDAAN KONSENTRASI POLOXAMER188
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Abstract
Celery (Apium graveolens L) is a plant of Apiaceae family which contains flavonoids, saponins, tannins, essential oils, apiin, apigenin, choline, asparagine, vitamin A, B, C. Apigenin contained in celery included in the BCS (Biopharmaceutics Classification System) class II, which has low solubility and high permeability drugs. One method for increasing solubility is the nanocrystal method. Where the purpose of this study was to see the effect of differences in the concentration of poloxamer 188 on the characterization of nanocrystal. The results of the particle size analyzer (PSA) showed particle size distribution in formula 1 the concentration of poloxamer 188 40% 6 hour grinding time of 1648.5 nm with a potential zeta value of -11.2. While the formula 2 concentration of poloxamer 188 50% and formula 3 the concentration of poloxamer 188 60% with a 5 hour grinding time of 1049.6 and 1483.2 with a potential zeta value of -12.5 and -8.9. From the FT-IR analysis shows the presence of clusters in formulas 1, 2, and 3 which are not found in apigenin which is a celery marker compound, on the contrary there are groups on apigenin which are not found in formulas 1, 2, and 3.
Keywords:
Nanocrystal, Calery, Poloksamer 188, solubillity
References
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Cerdeira, A. M., Marzotti, M., & Gander, B. (2010).Miconazole nanosuspensions: Influence of formulation variables on particle size reduction and physical stability. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 210-218.
Dachriyanus.(2004). Analisis Struktur Senyawa Organik Secara Spektroskopi.(1sted) Padang: Andalas University Press.
DepartemenKesehatanRepublik Indonesia.(1985). Cara Pembuatan Simplisia.Jakarta: Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia.
Eederburgh, B. V., Mooter, G. V., & Agustijns, P. (2008). Top-down production of drug nanocrystal, nanosuspension stabilization, miniaturization and transformation into solid produk. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 364, 64-75.
Fazal, S. S., & Singla, R. K. (2012). Review on the pharmacognostical & pharmacological characterization of Apium graveolens Lin. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2(1), 36-42.
Gennaro, A. R. (1985). Remington Pharmaceutical Sciences. (17thed). Easton : Mack Publishing Company.
George, M., & Gosh, I. (2013). Identifying the correlation betwen drug/stabilizer properties and critical quality attribute (CQAS) of nanosuspension formulation prepared by wet mwdia milling technology. European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 48(1), 142-152.
Ghosh, I., Daniel, S., Sonali, B., & Colleen, R. (2012). Optimization of formulation and process parameter for the production of nanosuspension by wet media milling techniques: Effect of vitamin E TPGS and nanocrystal particle size on oral absorption. European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 47(4), 718-728.
Ginting, A. Br., Sutri I., & Setiawan, J. (2005). Penentuan Parameter Uji Dan Ketidakpastian Pengukuran Kapasitas Panas Pada Differential Scanning Calorimeter. J. Tek. Bhn. Nukl, 1(1), 1–57.
Gulsun, T., Gursoy, R. N., & Oner, L. ( 2009). Nanocrystal Technology For Oral Delivery of Poorly Water-Soluble. Fabab J. Pharm. Sci, 34, 55-65.
Hariana, A. (2007). Tumbuhan obat dan khasiatnya seri 3. Jakarta: PenebarSwadaya.
Hayati, S.N., Hendra, H., Ema, D., Dusty, I., &Hardi, J. (2011).ProfilAsam Amino Cacing Tanah (Lumbricus Rubellus) TerenkapsulasidenganMetode Spray Drying.Balai Pengembangan Proses danTeknologi Kimia (BPPTK)-LIPI, 34, 1-7.
Junghanns, J. U. A.H., Müller, R. H. (2008). Nanocrystal technology, drug delivery and clinical applications. International Journal of Nanomedicine, 3(3), 295–309.
Junyaprasert, V. B., & Morakul, B. (2014). Nanocrystal for enhancement of oral bioavaibility of poorly water soluble drugs. Asian Jurnal of Pharmaceutical Science, 30, 1-11.
Keck C.M.,& Muller R.H. (2005). Drug nanocrystal of poorly soluble drugs produced by high pressure homogenization.European Journal of Pharmaceutis and Biopharmaceutics, 62,3-16.
Kementerian Kesehetan Republik Indonesia (2014). Farmakope Indonesia (Edisi V). Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Repubik Indonesia.
Kooti, W. &Darael, N. (2017). A Review of the antioxidant activity of celery (Apium graveolens L.). Journal of Evidence-Based Complementary & Alternative Medicine, 22(4), 1029-1034.
Lachman, L., Lieberman, H. A.,&Kanig, J.L. (1994).Teori dan Praktek Farmasi Industri (2nded), Diterjemahkan Oleh Suyatmi, S. Jakarta: Universitas Indonesia Press.
Lee, J. & Cheng Y. (2006).Critical Freezing rate in freeze drying Nanocrystal Dispersion.Journal Controlled Release, 111, 185-192.
Li, L. C., & Tian, Y. (2007). Zeta Potential. Dalam: Encyclopedia of Pharmaceutical Technology. (1sted). New York: Marcel Dekker, 429-458.
Liu, P., Rong, X., Laru, J., Veen, B. V., Kiesvaara, J., Hirvonen, J., Laaksonen, T., & Peltonen, L. (2011). Nanosuspension of poorly soluble drugs: preparation and development by wet milling. International Journal of Pharmaceutics,411, 215-222.
Liu, P. (2013). Nanocrystal formulation for poorly soluble drugs. (Disertasi). Finland: University of Helsinki.
Martin, A., Swarbrick, J., &Cammaratta, A. (1990).Farmasi fisik (3rded). Penerjemah: Yoshita. Jakarta:Universitas Indonesia (UI-Press).
Mahesh, K. V., Singh, S. K., & Gullati, M. (2014). A comporative study of top-down and bottom-up approaches for the preparation of nanosuspensionsof glipizide. Powder Technology, 256(1), 436-449.
Minhaj, A., Kumar, S., Gautam, N., Sana.,&Kapoor, S. (2015). Development and optimization of lyophilization cycle.World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 4(2), 1053-1062.
Moschwitzer, J. P. (2013). Drug nanocrystal in the commercial pharmaceutical development process. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 142-156.
Mulja, M. &Suharman.(1995). Analisis Instrumental. Surabaya: Airlangga University Press.
Muller, R. H., Gohla, S., & Keck, C. M. (2011). State of the art of nanocrystal special future, production, nanotoxicologi expects and intracelular delivery. European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, 78, 1-9.
NanoComposic. (2012).Guide To Dynamic Light Scattering Measurement And Analysis Vol 1.3. San Diego, CA 92111.
Niwa, T., Miura, S.,&Danjo, K. (2011). Universal wet-milling technique to prepare oral nanosuspension focused on discovery and preclinical animal studiesDevelopment of particle design method. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 405, 218-227.
Patel, R.P., PateM. P., &Suthar A. M.(2009). Spray Drying Technology: An Overview. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 2 (10), 44-47.
Peltonen, L., & Hirvonen, J. (2010). Pharmaceutical nanocrystal by nanomilling: crtitical process parameter, particle fracturing and stabilizaton methods. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 62, 1569-1579.
Peltonen, L., & Strachan, C. (2015). Understanding critical quality attributes for nanocrystals from preparation to delivery. Molecules, 20, 22286-22300.
PeraturanMenteriKesehatanRepublik Indonesia.(2016). FormulariumObat Herbal Asli Indonesia.Jakarta: MenteriKesehatanRebublik Indonesia.
Rachmawati, H., Reker-Smit, C., Hooge, M.N.L., Loenen-Weemaes, A.V., Poelstra, K.,&Beljaars, L. (2007). Chemical Modification of Interleukin-10 with Mannose 6-Phospate Groups Yield a Liver-Selective Cytokine. DMDFast Forward, 35,814-821.
Rawat, M., Singh, D., Saraf, S., &Saraf, S. (2006).Nanocarriers: Promising Vehicle for Bioactive Drugs. Biol. Pharm. Bull, 29(9), 1790-1798.
Rawle, A. (2010). Basic Principles of Particle Size Analysis-Technical Paper of Malvern Instrument. Worcesstershire: United Kingdom.
Roth, H. J., &Blaschke, G. (1988).PharmazeutischeAnalytik. Penerjemah Sarjono Kisman & Slamet Ibrahim, Yogyakarta: GadjahMada University Press.
Roselyndiar.(2012). FormulasiKapsulKombinasiekstrakherbaseledri (Apiumgraveolesn L) danDaunTempuyung (Sonchusarvensis L).(Skripsi). Depok : Universitas Indonesia.
Rowe, R. C., Sheskey, P. J., & Quin, M. E. (2009). Handbook of pharmaceutical excipient (6th ed). London: Pharmaceutical Press.
Shargel, L., & Wu-pong, S., Yu, A. B. C. (2012), Biofarmasetikadan farmakokinetikaterapan.(5thed).Penerjemah: Faisch, B. Suprapti. Surabaya: Airlangga University Press.
Sorour, M.A., Hassanen, N.H.M., & Ahmed, M.H.M. (2015). Natural antioxidant changes in fresh and dried celery (Apium graveolens). American Journal of Energy Engineering, 3(2-1), 12-16.
Stuart, B. (2004). Infrared Spectroscopy Fundamentals and Applications. Sydney: University of Technology Sydney Australia.
Srivalli., Raghava, K. M., & Mishra, B. (2014). Drugs nanocrystal: a way toward scale-up. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, King saud University.
Tuomela, A. (2015). Nanocrystal for Drug Delivery Application. (Disertasi). Finland: University of Helsinki.
Vaughn, J.M. & Williams R.O. (2007).Nanoparticle EngineeringIn Swarbrick. James. Encyclopedia of Pharmaceutical Technology. (3rd ed). New York: Nova Science Publisher.
Voigt, R. (1994). BukuPelajaranTeknologiFarmasi (5thed), PenerjemahSoewandiNoerono, Yogyakarta: Gajah Mada University Press.
Zang Y. H., Park, Y. S., Kim, T. J., Fang, L. H., Ahn, H. Y., Hong, J. T., Kim, Y., Lee, C. K., & Yun, Y. P. (2002). Endothelium Dependent Vasorelaxant and Antiproliperative Effects of Apigenin.General Pharacology,35, 341-347.
Zhang, J., Liu, D., Huang, Y., Gao. Y.,& Qian, S. (2013). Biopharmaceutics classification and intestinal study of Apigenin.International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 436, 311-317.
Badan Pengawasan Obat dan Makanan Republik Indonesia.(2004). Ekstrak Tumbuhan Obat Indoneia (1sted). Jakarta: Badan Pengawasan Obat dan Makanan Republik Indonesia.
Boyong, L., Dennis, H.R., & Diane, F.B. (1997).Evaluation of Properties of Apigenin and [G-3H]Apigenin and Analytic Method Development. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 86(6), 721-725.
Cerdeira, A. M., Marzotti, M., & Gander, B. (2010).Miconazole nanosuspensions: Influence of formulation variables on particle size reduction and physical stability. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 210-218.
Dachriyanus.(2004). Analisis Struktur Senyawa Organik Secara Spektroskopi.(1sted) Padang: Andalas University Press.
DepartemenKesehatanRepublik Indonesia.(1985). Cara Pembuatan Simplisia.Jakarta: Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia.
Eederburgh, B. V., Mooter, G. V., & Agustijns, P. (2008). Top-down production of drug nanocrystal, nanosuspension stabilization, miniaturization and transformation into solid produk. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 364, 64-75.
Fazal, S. S., & Singla, R. K. (2012). Review on the pharmacognostical & pharmacological characterization of Apium graveolens Lin. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2(1), 36-42.
Gennaro, A. R. (1985). Remington Pharmaceutical Sciences. (17thed). Easton : Mack Publishing Company.
George, M., & Gosh, I. (2013). Identifying the correlation betwen drug/stabilizer properties and critical quality attribute (CQAS) of nanosuspension formulation prepared by wet mwdia milling technology. European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 48(1), 142-152.
Ghosh, I., Daniel, S., Sonali, B., & Colleen, R. (2012). Optimization of formulation and process parameter for the production of nanosuspension by wet media milling techniques: Effect of vitamin E TPGS and nanocrystal particle size on oral absorption. European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 47(4), 718-728.
Ginting, A. Br., Sutri I., & Setiawan, J. (2005). Penentuan Parameter Uji Dan Ketidakpastian Pengukuran Kapasitas Panas Pada Differential Scanning Calorimeter. J. Tek. Bhn. Nukl, 1(1), 1–57.
Gulsun, T., Gursoy, R. N., & Oner, L. ( 2009). Nanocrystal Technology For Oral Delivery of Poorly Water-Soluble. Fabab J. Pharm. Sci, 34, 55-65.
Hariana, A. (2007). Tumbuhan obat dan khasiatnya seri 3. Jakarta: PenebarSwadaya.
Hayati, S.N., Hendra, H., Ema, D., Dusty, I., &Hardi, J. (2011).ProfilAsam Amino Cacing Tanah (Lumbricus Rubellus) TerenkapsulasidenganMetode Spray Drying.Balai Pengembangan Proses danTeknologi Kimia (BPPTK)-LIPI, 34, 1-7.
Junghanns, J. U. A.H., Müller, R. H. (2008). Nanocrystal technology, drug delivery and clinical applications. International Journal of Nanomedicine, 3(3), 295–309.
Junyaprasert, V. B., & Morakul, B. (2014). Nanocrystal for enhancement of oral bioavaibility of poorly water soluble drugs. Asian Jurnal of Pharmaceutical Science, 30, 1-11.
Keck C.M.,& Muller R.H. (2005). Drug nanocrystal of poorly soluble drugs produced by high pressure homogenization.European Journal of Pharmaceutis and Biopharmaceutics, 62,3-16.
Kementerian Kesehetan Republik Indonesia (2014). Farmakope Indonesia (Edisi V). Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Repubik Indonesia.
Kooti, W. &Darael, N. (2017). A Review of the antioxidant activity of celery (Apium graveolens L.). Journal of Evidence-Based Complementary & Alternative Medicine, 22(4), 1029-1034.
Lachman, L., Lieberman, H. A.,&Kanig, J.L. (1994).Teori dan Praktek Farmasi Industri (2nded), Diterjemahkan Oleh Suyatmi, S. Jakarta: Universitas Indonesia Press.
Lee, J. & Cheng Y. (2006).Critical Freezing rate in freeze drying Nanocrystal Dispersion.Journal Controlled Release, 111, 185-192.
Li, L. C., & Tian, Y. (2007). Zeta Potential. Dalam: Encyclopedia of Pharmaceutical Technology. (1sted). New York: Marcel Dekker, 429-458.
Liu, P., Rong, X., Laru, J., Veen, B. V., Kiesvaara, J., Hirvonen, J., Laaksonen, T., & Peltonen, L. (2011). Nanosuspension of poorly soluble drugs: preparation and development by wet milling. International Journal of Pharmaceutics,411, 215-222.
Liu, P. (2013). Nanocrystal formulation for poorly soluble drugs. (Disertasi). Finland: University of Helsinki.
Martin, A., Swarbrick, J., &Cammaratta, A. (1990).Farmasi fisik (3rded). Penerjemah: Yoshita. Jakarta:Universitas Indonesia (UI-Press).
Mahesh, K. V., Singh, S. K., & Gullati, M. (2014). A comporative study of top-down and bottom-up approaches for the preparation of nanosuspensionsof glipizide. Powder Technology, 256(1), 436-449.
Minhaj, A., Kumar, S., Gautam, N., Sana.,&Kapoor, S. (2015). Development and optimization of lyophilization cycle.World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 4(2), 1053-1062.
Moschwitzer, J. P. (2013). Drug nanocrystal in the commercial pharmaceutical development process. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 142-156.
Mulja, M. &Suharman.(1995). Analisis Instrumental. Surabaya: Airlangga University Press.
Muller, R. H., Gohla, S., & Keck, C. M. (2011). State of the art of nanocrystal special future, production, nanotoxicologi expects and intracelular delivery. European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, 78, 1-9.
NanoComposic. (2012).Guide To Dynamic Light Scattering Measurement And Analysis Vol 1.3. San Diego, CA 92111.
Niwa, T., Miura, S.,&Danjo, K. (2011). Universal wet-milling technique to prepare oral nanosuspension focused on discovery and preclinical animal studiesDevelopment of particle design method. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 405, 218-227.
Patel, R.P., PateM. P., &Suthar A. M.(2009). Spray Drying Technology: An Overview. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 2 (10), 44-47.
Peltonen, L., & Hirvonen, J. (2010). Pharmaceutical nanocrystal by nanomilling: crtitical process parameter, particle fracturing and stabilizaton methods. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 62, 1569-1579.
Peltonen, L., & Strachan, C. (2015). Understanding critical quality attributes for nanocrystals from preparation to delivery. Molecules, 20, 22286-22300.
PeraturanMenteriKesehatanRepublik Indonesia.(2016). FormulariumObat Herbal Asli Indonesia.Jakarta: MenteriKesehatanRebublik Indonesia.
Rachmawati, H., Reker-Smit, C., Hooge, M.N.L., Loenen-Weemaes, A.V., Poelstra, K.,&Beljaars, L. (2007). Chemical Modification of Interleukin-10 with Mannose 6-Phospate Groups Yield a Liver-Selective Cytokine. DMDFast Forward, 35,814-821.
Rawat, M., Singh, D., Saraf, S., &Saraf, S. (2006).Nanocarriers: Promising Vehicle for Bioactive Drugs. Biol. Pharm. Bull, 29(9), 1790-1798.
Rawle, A. (2010). Basic Principles of Particle Size Analysis-Technical Paper of Malvern Instrument. Worcesstershire: United Kingdom.
Roth, H. J., &Blaschke, G. (1988).PharmazeutischeAnalytik. Penerjemah Sarjono Kisman & Slamet Ibrahim, Yogyakarta: GadjahMada University Press.
Roselyndiar.(2012). FormulasiKapsulKombinasiekstrakherbaseledri (Apiumgraveolesn L) danDaunTempuyung (Sonchusarvensis L).(Skripsi). Depok : Universitas Indonesia.
Rowe, R. C., Sheskey, P. J., & Quin, M. E. (2009). Handbook of pharmaceutical excipient (6th ed). London: Pharmaceutical Press.
Shargel, L., & Wu-pong, S., Yu, A. B. C. (2012), Biofarmasetikadan farmakokinetikaterapan.(5thed).Penerjemah: Faisch, B. Suprapti. Surabaya: Airlangga University Press.
Sorour, M.A., Hassanen, N.H.M., & Ahmed, M.H.M. (2015). Natural antioxidant changes in fresh and dried celery (Apium graveolens). American Journal of Energy Engineering, 3(2-1), 12-16.
Stuart, B. (2004). Infrared Spectroscopy Fundamentals and Applications. Sydney: University of Technology Sydney Australia.
Srivalli., Raghava, K. M., & Mishra, B. (2014). Drugs nanocrystal: a way toward scale-up. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, King saud University.
Tuomela, A. (2015). Nanocrystal for Drug Delivery Application. (Disertasi). Finland: University of Helsinki.
Vaughn, J.M. & Williams R.O. (2007).Nanoparticle EngineeringIn Swarbrick. James. Encyclopedia of Pharmaceutical Technology. (3rd ed). New York: Nova Science Publisher.
Voigt, R. (1994). BukuPelajaranTeknologiFarmasi (5thed), PenerjemahSoewandiNoerono, Yogyakarta: Gajah Mada University Press.
Zang Y. H., Park, Y. S., Kim, T. J., Fang, L. H., Ahn, H. Y., Hong, J. T., Kim, Y., Lee, C. K., & Yun, Y. P. (2002). Endothelium Dependent Vasorelaxant and Antiproliperative Effects of Apigenin.General Pharacology,35, 341-347.
Zhang, J., Liu, D., Huang, Y., Gao. Y.,& Qian, S. (2013). Biopharmaceutics classification and intestinal study of Apigenin.International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 436, 311-317.
Published
2020-12-30
How to Cite
Rosaini, H., Wahyuni, R., Sinaga, B., & Sidoretno, W. (2020). KARAKTERISASI FISIKOKIMIA NANOKRISTAL EKSTRAK HERBA SELEDRI ( Apium graveolens L.) DENGAN PERBEDAAN KONSENTRASI POLOXAMER188. JOPS (Journal Of Pharmacy and Science), 4(1), 31-39. https://doi.org/10.36341/jops.v4i1.1578
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