WEB-GIS KESESUAIAN LAHAN UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN HUTAN KOTA MENGGUNAKAN METODE MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION MAKING
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Abstract
Hutan menjadi hamparan lahan yang bertumbuhan pohon-pohon yang kompak dan rapat di dalam wilayah perkotaan baik pada tanah negara maupun tanah hak. Hutan kota pada daerah perkotaan ditentukan oleh pejabat yang berwenang. Fungsi hutan kota untuk memperbaiki dan menjaga iklim mikro dan nilai estetika, meresapkan air, dan mendukung pelestarian keanekaragaman hayati Indonesia. Perlu adanya penanganan penting untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, salah satunya adalah dengan mengembangkan RTH jenis Hutan Kota di Kabupaten Sidoarjo. Dinas Lingkungan Hidup dan Kebersihan (DLHK) Kabupaten Sidoarjo adalah salah satu lembaga yang mengantur tentang pembangunan hutan kota. Namun pihak DLHK masih belum tau daerah mana sajakah di Kabupaten Sidoarjo yang lahannya bisa untuk dibuat hutan kota. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memberikan informasi mengenai pengembangan lahan yang cocok untuk dijadikan sebagai hutan Kota tipe kawasan permukiman berbasis Web-GIS di Kabupaten Sidoarjo. Metode yang digunakan untuk pemodelan data spasial menggunakan Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) diantaranya Analitychal Hierarchy Process (AHP) dan metode Weighted Sum Model (WSM). Parameter berdasarkan jumlah penduduk, ketinggian wilayah, banyak perusahaan, dan luas lahan standar untuk mengetahui kesesuaian lahan untuk pengembangan hutan kota pada tiap kecamatan dengan studi kasus di Kabupaten Sidoarjo. Klasifikasi hutan kota pada hasil pemodelan data spasial meliputi lahan dengan kategori tidak cocok, cocok, dan sangat cocok. Hasil uji perbandingan kedua metode MCDM menggunakan koefisien kappa Cohen (κ) menghasilkan rata-rata nilai κ = 0.07 untuk hutan kota tipe kawasan permukiman. Kesimpulan dari pemodelan data spasial untuk menggunakan metode AHP dan WSM pada hutan kota tipe kawasan permukiman memiliki hasil yang berbeda untuk digunakan dalam perhitungan kesesuaian lahan pada pengembangan hutan kota.
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